Study effect of salinity on some physiologic and morphologic properties of two grape cultivars
نویسنده
چکیده
Salinity is a phenomenon challenging the plantation and growth of grape in arid and semiarid regions. During the present research, tolerance of two grape cultivars (Soltanin and Fakhri) was evaluated against various sodium chloride salinity levels (zero, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM), which was conducted based on factorial experiment in the form of Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with three replications at Agricultural and Natural Resource Researches Center (ANRRC) of East Azerbaijan, during 2011. Based on the obtained results, the cultivar and salinity levels were significantly effective on morphological and physiological traits. Moreover, the results from analysis of variance revealed the significant effects of salinity levels on rates of chlorophyll a and b; rate of chlorophyll a + b; photosynthesis and transpiration rate; stomatal conductance; dry weight of stem and root; concentrations of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Chloride; plant height; leaf area; and relative water content (RWC). Furthermore, increased salinity levels led to significant decrease in values of majority of the abovementioned parameters. In contrast, the proline content, sodium and chloride concentrations increased as a result of increasing salinity. In addition, “Salinity × cultivar” interaction also proved significantly effective on traits such as plant height, leaf area, dry weight of stem, proline content, chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll a + b, photosynthesis and transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, dry and fresh weights of stem and root, nitrogen and sodium content of leaf and RWC. More specifically, the lowest values for the abovementioned parameters were measured at 250 mM sodium chloride salinity level for Fakhri cultivar. Without salinity application Soltanin produced the best values for physiological and morphological indices. In general, Soltanin cultivar proved more tolerant against salinity than Fakhri cultivar did. [Ahmad Bybordy. Study effect of salinity on some physiologic and morphologic properties of two grape cultivars. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):1092-1101]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 166
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